Dr. Rukhshanda Anjum

Associate Professor

Mathematics and Statistics

Biography

Rukhshanda Anjum received an M.Sc. degree in Mathematics from the University of Peshawar, Pakistan in 1999, and an M.Phil degree in Mathematics from Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2001. She completed her Ph.D. degree in Mathematics with a specialization in Fuzzy Hemirings from Quaid-i-Azam, Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2011.

She served Minhaj University as a chairperson of the Department of Mathematics for three and a half years and has now been associated with the Department of Mathematics and Statistics as an Assistant Professor at the University of Lahore, Pakistan since 2016. She is now working as an Associate Professor at UOL since 2024.

Her fields of research are Linear Algebra, Fuzzy sets, Graph Theory, Fuzzy Graph Theory, Mathematical Modeling, and Robotics. She has published 40 research articles with a total impact factor of 91.67 and 183 citations.

Education

SrNo.	Year	Degree	Board/University
1	2011	Ph.D	Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
2	2001	M.Phil	Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
3	1999	M.Sc	Peshawar University
4	1996	B.Sc	The Punjab University
5	1996	B.Sc	The Punjab University

Experience

SrNo.	From	To	Category	Designation	Organization
1	October 2016	Date		Assistant Professor	The University of Lahore
2	April 2015	October 2016		Assistant Professor	GSCWU Bahawalpur

Publications

SrNo.	Title	Category	Sub Category
1	Analysis of the fractional polio model with the Mittag-Leffler kernels	Publication	Journal Article
2	Micro Finance, A Lifeline for Micro Industries in Pakistan: A Comparison of Governmental and Non-Governmental Micro Finance Programs	Publication	Journal Article
3	Intuitionistic fuzzy k-ideals of right k-weakly regular hemirings	Publication	Journal Article
4	Fuzzy topological analysis of pizza graph	Publication	Journal Article
5	Fuzzy Topological Characterization of qCn Graph via Fuzzy Topological Indices	Publication	Journal Article
6	A comprehensive study on fuzzy and crisp graph indices: generalized formulae, proximity and accuracy analysis	Publication	Journal Article
7	Computation of Vertex Degree-Based Molecular Descriptors of Hydrocarbon Structure	Publication	Journal Article
8	A Deep Learning-Based Sensor Modeling for Smart Irrigation System	Publication	Journal Article
9	Analysis of the Major Investment Object by Using a Novel Approach Based on Neutrosophic Information	Publication	Journal Article
10	Computing the Energy and Estrada Index of Different Molecular Structures	Publication	Journal Article
11	Intuitionistic Fuzzy Prioritized Aggregation Operators Based on Priority Degrees with Application to Multicriteria Decision Making	Publication	Journal Article
12	Computing First and Second Fuzzy Zagreb Indices of Linear and Multiacyclic Hydrocarbons	Publication	Journal Article
13	Topological Study of Zirconium Tetrachloride ZrCl4 under Molecular Descriptors	Publication	Journal Article
14	Implementation of the convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) in the face-centered cubic (FCC) FDTD method	Publication	Journal Article
15	SOFT INTERSECTION AND SOFT UNION k-IDEALS OF HEMIRINGS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS	Publication	Journal Article
16	Hypergroupoids as Tools for Studying Blood Group Genetics	Publication	Journal Article
17	Some Studies in Hemirings by the Falling Fuzzy k-Ideals	Publication	Journal Article
18	Sensitivity analysis of solute kinetics in a four compartmental model for hemodialysis patients	Publication	Journal Article
19	Some Improved Correlation Coefficients for q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets and Their Applications in Cluster Analysis	Publication	Journal Article
20	Certain Notions of Picture Fuzzy Information with Applications	Publication	Journal Article
21	Solvability Conditions and General Solution of a System of Matrix Equations Involving h-Skew-Hermitian Quaternion Matrices	Publication	Journal Article
22	Some Novel Geometric Aggregation Operators of Spherical Cubic Fuzzy Information with Application	Publication	Journal Article
23	Analysis of the Shortest Path in Spherical Fuzzy Networks Using the Novel Dijkstra Algorithm	Publication	Journal Article
24	Some Study of Semigroups of h-Bi-Ideals of Semirings	Publication	Journal Article
25	ANTI FUZZY BI-IDEALS ON ORDERED AG-GROUPOIDS	Publication	Journal Article
26	Introducing Fuzzy Almost m-Ideals, Fuzzy Generalized Almost m-Ideals and Related	Publication	Journal Article
27	A CHARACTERIZATION OF SEMIGROUPS THROUGH THEIR FUZZY GENERALIZED m-BI-	Publication	Journal Article
28	Characterizations of ordered h-regular semirings by ordered h-ideals	Publication	Journal Article
29	Characterizations of Hemirings by the properties of Their k-ideals	Publication	Journal Article
30	On k-bi-ideals in Hemirings	Publication	Journal Article
31	Right k-weakly regular hemirings	Publication	Journal Article
32	Right h-weakly regular hemiring	Publication	Journal Article
33	Characterizations of hemirings by their h-ideals	Publication	Journal Article

Conferences

SrNo.	Year	Level	City	Country	Confence
1	2024	international	Lahore	Pakistan	International Conference on Gravitation and Cosmology
2	2000	international	Islamabad	pakistan	Pure Mathematics confrence
3	2015	international	Islamabad	pakistan	Pure Mathematics confrence

Awards

SrNo.	Year	Awarding Organization	Description
1	2004	HEC	Indigenous 5000 scholarship Programme

Memberships

SrNo.	From - To	Title	Organization
1	2001 - till	member	Pakistan mathematical society

Courses Taught

SrNo.	Type	Title	University	Semester
1	M.Phil.	Group Theory	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	Winter 2022
2	BS	Measure Theory and Lebesgue Integration	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	Winter 2022
3	M.Phil.	Field Extensions and Galois Theory	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	Fall 2021
4	BS	Rings and VectorSpaces	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	Fall 2021
5	BS	Set Theory	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistsan	Fall 2021
6	BS	Group Theory -1	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	S2021
7	M.Phil.	Group Theory	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	W21
8	BS	Group Theory-1	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	W21
9	BS	Measure Theory and Lebesgue Integration	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	W21

Project Supervisor

SrNo.	Title	From - To	Organization	Type
1	SOME FIXED POINT THEOREMS IN INTIUTIONISTIC FUZZY METRIC SPACE.	25/8/2017 - 2/5/2018	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
2	FIXED POINT ANDCOMMONFIXED POINT THEOREMS IN CONE METRICSPACE	2/2/2018 - 2/1/2019	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
3	Soft Intersection k-ideals of hemirings and it’s Application	17/8/2019 - 17/8/2020	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
4	CHARACTERIZATIONS OF ORDERED h-REGULAR SEMIRINGS BY ORDERED h-IDEALS	15/2/2019 - 15/2/2020	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
5	SEMIGROUP OF h-bi-IDEALS OF A SEMIRING WITH SEMILATTICE ADDITIVE REDUCT	25/8/2020 - 19/6/2021	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
6	Characterization of Semirings by The Fallig Fuzzy k-Ideals	28/8/2020 - 24/6/2021	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
7	INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY K-IDEALS OF RIGHT K-WEAKLY REGULAR HEMIRINGS.	26/4/2018 - 2/1/2021	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
8	INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY K-IDEALS OF RIGHT K-WEAKLY REGULAR HEMIRINGS.	2/2/2019 - 5/9/2021	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
9	On the generalized Hermite-Hadamard Inequalities for preinvex function via the tempered Fractional Integrals	25/8/2020 - 11/12/2021	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
10	h-Congruences on Semirings	25/8/2020 - 10/2/2022	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.
11	STRUCTURE AND SOME CHARACTERIZATIONS OF LEFT H-CLIFFORD SEMIRINGS	25/8/2020 - 15/2/2022	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistan	M.Phil.

Services

SrNo.	From - To	Organization	Job Description
1	02/03/2022 - 02/04/2023	University of Lahore. Lahore. Pakistsan	1. PH. D. coordinator (Mathematics) 2. Assessmen

Books

Research Fundings

Extracurricular Activities

SrNo.	Hobbies	Interests

Languages and Skills

SrNo.	Langues	Skills
1	English,
2	urdu
3	Punjabi

Active Collabrations

Consulting Experience

Achievements / Rewards

Dr Akhtar represents Pakistan, explores collaboration with Germany on global issues

Description

In a substantial ambassadorial effort, Prof Dr Rabia Akhtar (Director of the Center for Security, Strategy, and Policy Research (CSSPR)) represented Pakistan as a thought leader in a delegation of five eminent scholars from Asia. This delegation, constituted by the Asia chapter of Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES), visited Berlin, Germany, to engage in dialogues and meetings aimed at understanding Germany’s viewpoints on key global issues, from June 13-15, 2023.

The FES Strategic Foresight Group, comprising scholars from Pakistan, Thailand, India, South Korea, and Indonesia, sought to gain insights into Germany’s perception of the world, the interconnectedness of geopolitics and geoeconomics, and the overall security and stability of different regions. By interacting with parliamentarians, scholars, and think tank experts, the group aimed to identify Germany’s foreign policy direction amidst intensifying great power competition, technological advancements, and the Russo-Ukrainian war.

Dr Akhtar articulated Pakistan’s aspirations to become a regional and global connector, and expressed her belief that the country could serve as Germany’s partner in promoting peace. She said academic collaboration between the two countries must lay the groundwork for better ties. In that regard, she hoped that the University of Lahore (UOL) and CSSPR will like to establish linkages, to work on security and strategic issues with policymakers, universities, and think tankers in Germany.

Moreover, during the meetings with German officials and academicians, including Dr.Martin Thummel (Deputy Head for East Asia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific, Federal Foreign Office), Dr Akhtar along with the delegation underlined the importance of collaboration between nations in an increasingly interconnected world. It was argued that Europe and Asia should not be considered separate arenas, as common threats and opportunities necessitate a collective approach.

The participants engaged in thought-provoking discussions on how Germany’s foreign policy has evolved amid geopolitical tensions and how the country aims to strike a balance between values-based and interests-based approaches, particularly in the face of the evolving Sino-U.S. rivalry. Central to these discussions was Germany’s embrace of Zeitenwende, signifying a transformative shift in its foreign and defence policies following the war in Ukraine. German officials highlighted that this philosophy would enable their country to contribute positively to regional and global stability.

Furthermore, the delegation stressed the importance of inter-regional dialogues, trade, and economic cooperation between Germany and Asian countries during their meetings with parliamentarians. Geoeconomics emerged as a key theme, with experts acknowledging its potential to promote interdependence, peace, and stability. However, they also expressed caution, and were mindful of the geopolitical complexities that could hinder its effectiveness.

Dr Ashraf becomes Pakistan’s top and world’s 12th most cited Plant Science researcher

Description

What traits set exceptional academic leaders apart? One is their ongoing commitment to academic excellence. Prof Dr Muhammed Ashraf (Rector, UOL), in an interview with the Press and Publications Cell (PPC) of the University of Lahore (UOL), shared how his commitment to academics and research led him to stand amongst the top-cited Plant Science researchers in the world.

The second edition of Research.com rankings of the best researchers was released recently. According to these rankings, Dr Ashraf stood 12th in the list of top-cited researchers with a massive number of 72,461 citations and 1,169 publications in the field of Plant Science.

While sharing his sentiments with the PPC team, he said, “It is a great honour and privilege for me to be among the world’s top-cited Plant Science researchers. Barely people from third-world countries like Pakistan get such immense acknowledgement for research, but I, hailing from a developing country, take pride in the fact that I was able to garner the limelight along with researchers from advanced countries like America, Germany, etc.”

Motivation for Plant Science Research

For most of his academic life, Dr Ashraf has been conducting research anchored on Plant Science, his field of specialisation for which he has recently been recognised globally. Revealing his motivation behind his research drive, he mentioned that “Research is the key element for institutions and even for academicians to leave an unprecedented imprint on the global academic spectrum. The only sound way to project novel ideas pertaining to your field is through research, and that is what keeps me right on track with research. To make significant contributions to the field of Plant Science, I try to continually explore and conduct impactful research.”

Global Acclamation

In continuing the discussion of his research motivation, on a lighter note, he shared that he received a congratulatory email from Mr Rattan Laal (The Ohio State University, the United States). “To my surprise, Mr Laal, the world’s most cited researcher, shared his congratulatory remarks with me. I am humbled to the core by this global acclamation that I have received so far,” he said.

Catering to Contemporary Plant Science Issues

In every field of study, researchers try to address and explore solutions for the most pressing issues. In Plant Science and Agronomy, the focal point of researchers nowadays is the impact of climate change on plants and, broadly, on the agriculture sector. Upon being asked about the impact of his research, the UOL Rector stated that “Climate change, undoubtedly, has adversely affected the lives of plants, animals, and even humans. My focus is particularly on plants and agriculture. Through my research, I have always tried to address and highlight the pressing issues that are being faced mainly by Asian and African countries, and this is also one of the reasons that my research is getting global acknowledgement because it caters to global issues. Majorly, my work is based on different plant stresses such as drought, salinity, waterlogging, temperature extremes etc.”

Fundamentals of Research, Publications, and Rankings

Not many people are familiar with the Research.com rankings, and in fact, they lack even the most basic knowledge of research rankings. During his interview with PPC, Dr Ashraf summarised the entire research ranking process by saying that “A researcher gets ranked based on his number of publications and citations. Researchers should try to publish their work in international journals, which will increase their chances of maximum citations. The more publications and citations, the higher the H-index, and ultimately, the better the chances of getting ranked at the top.”

Tips for soon-to-be Early-career Researchers

There is no short cut to conduct profoundly organic research, and that is what Dr Ashraf said. “Dedication and hard work are the keys to achieve research goals. Nevertheless, to stand out in the pool of researchers, it is pertinent, especially for Plant Science research aspirants, to focus on technological and digital advancements, keeping oneself up-to-date with international contemporary research trends, and fuelling the urge of discovery by gaining more and more knowledge,” he advised the students.

Dr Tahir explores the role of financial risk-taking attitude in consumer satisfaction

Description

A consumer’s attitude of financial risk tolerance (FRT) plays an important role in his/her financial decisions, thereby determining his well-being. FRT is a consumer’s preference for the amount of risk he undertakes while making investments. Recently, a lot of research studies have been conducted on consumer well-being and FRT. Being motivated by this trend in financial research, Dr Muhammad Tahir (Assistant Professor, Lahore Business School, the University of Lahore (UOL)) and fellow researchers explored the relationship amongst financial literacy, propensity to plan (PTP), FRT, financial satisfaction, and life satisfaction.

Though scholarly acumen for consumer well-being is rapidly developing, not much is known regarding the collective roles of financial literacy, PTP, and FRT. Dr Tahir’s study addressed this gap by showing that financial literacy, risk-taking attitudes, and planning propensities are all interconnected and necessary ingredients to improve financial and life satisfaction.

Dr Tahir’s analytical study titled “Role of financial risk-taking attitude in personal finances and consumer satisfaction: evidence from Australia” revealed a strong partial mediation of FRT between financial literacy and financial satisfaction. Moreover, the analysis showed that a high PTP combined with a high FRT results in high financial satisfaction.

For achieving the main objective of the research, the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey was taken into consideration. Furthermore, Dr Tahir used the variance-based partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), also known as the PLS path modelling approach, to test the proposed hypotheses of the study empirically.

The findings of Dr Tahir’s research study showed the importance of creating financial plans in accordance with risk tolerance. Considering the relevance of increasing financial literacy, Dr Tahir suggested that the use of tools that could help consumers plan and spent in risky investments might lead them to have a more financial and life satisfaction.

UOL chemist explores an eco-friendly alternative thickening agent for textile printing

Description

Textile printing is the most versatile and vital methodology for introducing colour and design to textile fabrics. Different types of thickeners (chemical compounds) are used for printing, such as polysaccharide thickener, synthetic thickener, and emulsion thickener. Synthetic thickeners are highly criticised for endangering the environment at the manufacturing stages.

Dr Dure Najaf Iqbal (Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore) and her team of researchers explored an eco-friendly alternative for synthetic thickeners that is effective in the textile printing process. The team revealed that guar gum could serve as an outstanding natural thickener, stabiliser, and gelling agent and could as well be used in various industrial units, including food, cosmetics, textiles, oil fracturing, and mining. Guar gum is one of the most important naturally occurring non-ionic high molecular weight polysaccharides and consists of galactomannan, which has vast applications in various fields.

Dr Iqbal and her team synthesised carboxymethyl guar gum (CMG) via monochloroacetic acid under alkaline conditions. The carboxymethylation of guar gum was accomplished by the Willianson ether technique and the reaction conditions were optimised during the course of the experiment. Guar derivatives with variable degrees of substitution (DS) were prepared and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The DS was determined quantitatively by the titration method for each derivative.

For this research study, native guar gum was purchased from National Guar Industries, Karachi, with a molecular weight of 1.043 106 g/mol. Whereas, all the chemicals and reagents used were of analytical grade and were purchased from Merck, Germany.

The result proved that the substituted guar gum is an eco-friendly, non-hazardous thickener as compared to synthetic thickeners. Furthermore, the penetration properties, fixation ability, and colour fastness of guar gum were compared with those of commercial alginate thickeners. The printing trial of the thickener CMG also showed that carboxymethyl guar gum could easily replace conventional thickeners without any compromise on printing results and could prevent fabric stiffness. The tested water-holding capacity (a central aspect that determines commercial applications of gums) of guar gum made it ideal for improving the texture of end products in diverse industrial formulations.

Also, it was revealed that the implementation of carboxymethyl guar gum in textile printing can reduce the economic burden associated with exporting alginate and other synthetic thickeners. This, in turn, could enable exporters to offer competitive pricing without compromising on quality.

Faculty / Staff Profiles

Dr. Rukhshanda Anjum

Associate Professor

Mathematics and Statistics

Biography

Education

Experience

Publications

Conferences

Awards

Courses Taught

Project Supervisor

Services

Books

Research Fundings

Extracurricular Activities

Languages and Skills

Active Collabrations

Consulting Experience

Dr Akhtar represents Pakistan, explores collaboration with Germany on global issues

Dr Ashraf becomes Pakistan’s top and world’s 12th most cited Plant Science researcher

Dr Tahir explores the role of financial risk-taking attitude in consumer satisfaction

UOL chemist explores an eco-friendly alternative thickening agent for textile printing